BiOWiSH Technologies engaged Precision Study Management as a third-party Contract Research Organization (CRO) to conduct a study to determine the effects of BiOWiSH^® Crop Liquid coated onto urea to create an Enhanced Efficiency Fertilizer (EEF), as part of a rice fertility program in Louisiana. The trial compared three treatments: • Control, Standard Fertility Program • Control + BiOWiSH^® Crop Liquid • N Optimized Fertility Program + BiOWiSH^® Crop Liquid. In this trial, a 11.3% yield increase was observed for the Control + BiOWiSH^® Fertility Program and a 12.9% yield increase was observed for the N Optimized + BiOWiSH^® Fertility Program, which led to higher profit.

BiOWiSH Technologies engaged the University of Tennessee to conduct a study to determine the effects of BiOWiSH^® Crop Liquid coated onto urea to create an Enhanced Efficiency Fertilizer (EEF), as part of a cotton fertility program in western Tennessee. The trial compared three treatments: • Control, Standard Fertility Program • Control + BiOWiSH^® Crop Liquid • N Optimized Fertility Program + BiOWiSH^® Crop Liquid. In this trial, a 7.4% increase in lint yield was observed for the Control + BiOWiSH^® Fertility Program and a 7.2% increase was observed for the N Optimized + BiOWiSH^® Fertility Program, which led to higher profit.

BiOWiSH Technologies facilitated a series of seven soybean demo trials across major soybean growing areas of Brazil. The goal of these studies was to evaluate the efficacy of BiOWiSH^® Crop Liquid coated onto Monoammonium Phosphate (MAP) and NPK solid fertilizers to create an Enhanced Efficiency Fertilizer (EEF) for soybean production. These trials were conducted on-farm. The trial compared two treatments: • Control, Standard Regional Fertility Program • Control + BiOWiSH^® Crop Liquid. The study determined that the addition of BiOWiSH^® Crop Liquid optimized yield potential by improved nutrient uptake for soybean production in Brazil. In this trial, an 8.7% average yield increase (296 kg/ha, 4 bu/acre) was observed for the Control + BiOWiSH^® Crop Liquid treatment across all locations, which led to higher profit on average.

BiOWiSH Technologies engaged Iowa State University to conduct a study to determine the effects of BiOWiSH^® Crop Liquid coated onto fall-applied monoammonium phosphate (MAP) to create an Enhanced Efficiency Fertilizer (EEF), as part of a cover crop and corn rotation. The study took place in the U.S. midwestern state of Iowa. The trial compared three treatments: • Control, Standard Fertility Program • Control + Cover Crop • Control + BiOWiSH^® Crop Liquid coated onto MAP + Cover Crop. The Control + BiOWiSH^® ® Crop Liquid treatment was observed to have a cover crop biomass increase of 9.7% over the Control, followed by a marketable grain yield 7.9% (14 bu/acre, 0.9 MT/ha) higher in the following growing season. Overall, the BiOWiSH^® Crop Liquid treatment helped to mitigate the yield loss often experienced with a first-year cover crop program when applied in the fall as an EEF.